8,940 rated or chosen profiles from 754 respondents, in up to 6 tasks of 2 profiles varying on 3 attributes.

One of 2 tables from the same source; this one is the aid_projects table. The others are listed under Related tables.

About this table

Description	Discrete choice experiment in which 754 education policymakers in 35 low- and middle-income countries (CGD survey) chose between two hypothetical aid projects (or neither) over 6 rounds; attributes: project type, technical assistance and budget. Outcome: choice with a 'None of these options' opt-out.
Reference	Crawfurd, L., Hares, S., Minardi, A., & Sandefur, J. (2025). Understanding education policy preferences: Survey experiments with policymakers in 35 developing countries. World Development, 196, 107140.
DOI	10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107140
Licence	CC0 1.0
Source data	https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/E0TDA8

Notes

Conjoint table (irw_conjoint_2). choice: '(k/6) Now I am going to ask you about some hypothetical aid projects. I am going to describe two aid projects and ask you to choose which one you would prefer.' Project 1 / Project 2 / None of these options; OPT-OUT 'None' = choice 0 on both (252 of 4,470 tasks; no in-person respondent chose it). 6 rounds, 3 attributes (project, technical assistance, budget), English text (some respondents answered in French). Tasks with unsaved attribute values (175 respondents) dropped; country and job title dropped for confidentiality. The article reports 931 officials in all.

These notes describe the source data, which the IRW reproduces as released. All notes are listed on the Data Notes page.

Size and shape

Respondents	754
Rows (one per respondent, task and profile)	8,940
Tasks per respondent (most)	6
Profiles per task	2
Attributes	3
Tasks with no profile chosen	252

Design

Topic	international economy, other
A profile represents	policy
Country	unknown
Language shown	en, fr
Language of stored levels	en
Randomization restrictions	unknown
Task order	recorded in the deposit
Profile position	recorded in the deposit

Outcomes:

choice	Now I am going to ask you about some hypothetical aid projects. I am going to describe two aid projects and ask you to choose which one you would prefer. [choice, opt-out allowed]

Columns

attr_budgetattr_projectattr_technical_assistancechoicecov_agencycov_current_empcov_duration_seccov_experiencecov_gendercov_googlelistcov_lang_frenchcov_onlinecov_regioncov_subnationalidprofiletasktrial_preamble

The layout (one row per respondent, task and profile; choice/rating outcomes; attr_ columns holding each attribute level as displayed) is defined in the IRW conjoint standard. What the outcomes asked is under Design above.

Get the data

Download CSVno account needed Browse on Redivisexplore and query Croissant metadataHugging Face, Kaggle, OpenML

Or load it directly in R or Python (both need a free Redivis account; the first call opens a browser to sign in):

# R
install.packages("remotes")
remotes::install_github("itemresponsewarehouse/Rpkg")
library(irw)
df <- irw_fetch("crawfurd_2025_aid_projects", source = "conj")

# Python
pip install irw

import irw
df = irw.fetch("crawfurd_2025_aid_projects", source="conj")

How to cite

@article{Crawfurd_2025, title={Understanding education policy preferences: Survey experiments with policymakers in 35 developing countries}, volume={196}, ISSN={0305-750X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107140}, DOI={10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.107140}, journal={World Development}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Crawfurd, Lee and Hares, Susannah and Minardi, Ana and Sandefur, Justin}, year={2025}, month=Dec, pages={107140} }

Version and provenance

IRW version	v584
Redivis dataset	irw_conjoint_2 v1.4
Redivis dataset DOI	10.57761/hk97-wv30
Manifest pin for this IRW version	v1.4
Metadata source	irw_meta v44.0