7,984 responses from 2,034 respondents to 4 items.
| Description | Ratings of four national political leaders |
|---|---|
| Reference | Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas (CIS), Estudio sobre miedos e incertidumbres, Estudio 3534 |
| Licence | Custom |
| Source data | https://www.cis.es/es/estudios/estudio-sobre-miedos-e-incertidumbres?chartType=bar&cuestionario=18011&muestra=26371&pregunta=657760&variable=1096410 |
| Responses | 7,984 |
|---|---|
| Respondents | 2,034 |
| Items | 4 |
| Response categories | 10 |
| Responses per respondent | 3.925 |
| Responses per item | 1,996 |
| Density | 0.981 |
| Longitudinal | FALSE |
| age range | Adult (18+) |
|---|---|
| sample | General/non-specific |
| construct type | Opinion/attitude |
| measurement tool | Survey/questionnaire |
| item format | Slider/continuous |
| primary language(s) | spa |
| construct name | Political Leader Evaluation |
cov_agecov_sexiditemresp
Custom licence — check the terms before reuse at the source data.
Or load it directly in R or Python:
# R
install.packages("remotes")
remotes::install_github("itemresponsewarehouse/Rpkg")
library(irw)
df <- irw_fetch("spain_2025_fears_leaders")
# Python
pip install irw
import irw
df = irw.fetch("spain_2025_fears_leaders")
| IRW version | v393 |
|---|---|
| Redivis dataset | item_response_warehouse_3 v7.0 |
| Redivis dataset DOI | 10.57761/pqqn-pm43 |
| Manifest pin for this IRW version | v7.0 |
| Metadata source | irw_meta v23.0 |