15,000 rated or chosen profiles from 1,500 respondents, in up to 5 tasks of 2 profiles varying on 9 attributes.
| Description | Paired conjoint on who counts as American: 1,500 US adults (750 White, 750 Black respondents, 2020) compared 5 pairs of profiles of people from immigrant families varying photo (skin tone x gender), immigration background, self-identification, language, education, profession, religion, party and spouse; outcomes are a forced choice of the more American person and a 1-7 rating of how American each is. |
|---|---|
| Reference | Ocampo-Roland, A. N. (2025). Group prototypicality and boundary definition: Comparing White and Black perceptions of whether Latinos are American. American Political Science Review, 119(4), 1581-1598. |
| DOI | 10.1017/s000305542400131x |
| Licence | CC0 1.0 |
| Source data | https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/CXT4YN |
These notes describe the source data, which the IRW reproduces as released. All notes are listed on the Data Notes page.
| Respondents | 1,500 |
|---|---|
| Rows (one per respondent, task and profile) | 15,000 |
| Tasks per respondent (most) | 5 |
| Profiles per task | 2 |
| Attributes | 9 |
| Tasks with no profile chosen | 0 |
| Topic | social identity interpersonal |
|---|---|
| A profile represents | person |
| Country | US |
| Language shown | en |
| Language of stored levels | en |
| Randomization restrictions | yes (stated by the source): authors' cjoint design (3_amce_and_marginal_means_by_race.R constraint_list): no Doctor/IT professional/Teacher with high school dropout or graduate; no Doctor with Bachelor's degree; no US-born (parents/grandparents) with 'Does not speak English'; no immigrant/naturalized/undocumented with 'Only speaks English'; no IT/Doctor/Sales manager/Teacher with 'Does not speak English'; no White/Light/Medium face with identity Black; no Brown/Black face with identity White. Level probabilities: Political 2/9,2/9,2/9 and 3/9 Not political; Spouse 5/15 Not married, 3/15 American, 2/15 Black, 2/15 White, 3/15 same; other attributes uniform before constraints |
| Task order | recorded in the deposit |
| Profile position | recorded in the deposit |
Because the attribute levels were not randomized independently, an estimator has to account for the restriction; a plain difference in means across levels can mislead.
Outcomes:
| choice | These two people are either immigrants or come from a family with a history of immigration. If you had to choose between them, which of them do you personally believe is more American? [choice, forced] |
|---|---|
| rating | On a scale from 1 to 7, where 1 indicates that you would not rate this person as American at all and 7 indicates that you would very much rate this person as American, how would you rate each person? [rating, 1 (would not rate this person as American at all) to 7 (would very much rate this person as American)] |
attr_backgroundattr_educationattr_facesattr_identifiesattr_languageattr_politicalattr_professionattr_religionattr_spousechoicecov_birth_yearcov_educationcov_employcov_faminc_newcov_gendercov_ideo5cov_party_id7cov_presvote16postcov_q4_3cov_q4_5_2cov_q7_2cov_q7_3cov_q7_4cov_racecov_religpewcov_survey_weightcov_voteregidprofileratingtask
The layout (one row per respondent, task and profile; choice/rating outcomes; attr_ columns holding each attribute level as displayed) is defined in the IRW conjoint standard. What the outcomes asked is under Design above.
Or load it directly in R or Python (both need a free Redivis account; the first call opens a browser to sign in):
# R
install.packages("remotes")
remotes::install_github("itemresponsewarehouse/Rpkg")
library(irw)
df <- irw_fetch("ocampo_2025_latinos_american", source = "conj")
# Python
pip install irw
import irw
df = irw.fetch("ocampo_2025_latinos_american", source="conj")
@article{OCAMPO_ROLAND_2025, title={Group Prototypicality and Boundary Definition: Comparing White and Black Perceptions of Whether Latinos Are American}, volume={119}, ISSN={1537-5943}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000305542400131x}, DOI={10.1017/s000305542400131x}, number={4}, journal={American Political Science Review}, publisher={Cambridge University Press (CUP)}, author={OCAMPO-ROLAND, ANGIE N.}, year={2025}, month=Jan, pages={1581–1598} }
| IRW version | v584 |
|---|---|
| Redivis dataset | irw_conjoint v4.2 |
| Redivis dataset DOI | 10.57761/qkye-q530 |
| Manifest pin for this IRW version | v4.2 |
| Metadata source | irw_meta v44.0 |