5,144 rated or chosen profiles from 643 respondents, in up to 8 tasks of 1 profile varying on 5 attributes.
One of 2 tables from the same source; this one is the england table. The others are listed under Related tables.
| Description | English adults (YouGov, June 2023) saw 8 single hypothetical work-visa applicants varying age, gender, job (8 occupations crossing skill and labour demand), country of origin (India, Australia, Poland, Nigeria) and long/short-term visa, and said whether each should receive a work visa. 643 respondents; yes/no choice. |
|---|---|
| Reference | Kawakami, R., Scotto, T. J., Dorussen, H., Pickering, S., Reifler, J., Sunahara, Y., Tago, A., & Yen, D. (2026). Who gets in? A conjoint analysis of labour market demand and immigration preferences in England and Japan. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 52(1), 65-84. |
| DOI | 10.1080/1369183X.2025.2545432 |
| Licence | CC BY 4.0 |
| Source data | https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/2GMCMX |
These notes describe the source data, which the IRW reproduces as released. All notes are listed on the Data Notes page.
| Respondents | 643 |
|---|---|
| Rows (one per respondent, task and profile) | 5,144 |
| Tasks per respondent (most) | 8 |
| Profiles per task | 1 |
| Attributes | 5 |
| Tasks with no profile chosen | 1,973 |
| Topic | immigration asylum |
|---|---|
| A profile represents | person |
| Country | GB |
| Language shown | en |
| Language of stored levels | en |
| Randomization restrictions | unknown |
| Task order | recorded in the deposit |
| Profile position | recorded in the deposit |
Outcomes:
| choice | Should this person receive a work visa to come to the UK? [choice, opt-out allowed] |
|---|
attr_ageattr_countryattr_genderattr_jobattr_visa_termchoicecov_agecov_education_codecov_gendercov_ideologycov_income_codeidprofiletask
The layout (one row per respondent, task and profile; choice/rating outcomes; attr_ columns holding each attribute level as displayed) is defined in the IRW conjoint standard. What the outcomes asked is under Design above.
Or load it directly in R or Python (both need a free Redivis account; the first call opens a browser to sign in):
# R
install.packages("remotes")
remotes::install_github("itemresponsewarehouse/Rpkg")
library(irw)
df <- irw_fetch("kawakami_2026_visa_england", source = "conj")
# Python
pip install irw
import irw
df = irw.fetch("kawakami_2026_visa_england", source="conj")
@article{Kawakami_2025, title={Who gets in? a conjoint analysis of labour market demand and immigration preferences in England and Japan}, volume={52}, ISSN={1469-9451}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2025.2545432}, DOI={10.1080/1369183x.2025.2545432}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Kawakami, Riku and Scotto, Thomas J. and Dorussen, Han and Pickering, Steve and Reifler, Jason and Sunahara, Yosuke and Tago, Atsushi and Yen, Dorothy}, year={2025}, month=Sept, pages={65–84} }
| IRW version | v584 |
|---|---|
| Redivis dataset | irw_conjoint v4.2 |
| Redivis dataset DOI | 10.57761/qkye-q530 |
| Manifest pin for this IRW version | v4.2 |
| Metadata source | irw_meta v44.0 |