41,232 rated or chosen profiles from 2,577 respondents, in up to 8 tasks of 2 profiles varying on 8 attributes.
One of 2 tables from the same source; this one is the 2022 table. The others are listed under Related tables.
| Description | Japanese respondents (January 2022, n=2,577) compared 8 pairs of hypothetical general-election scenarios varying remaining term, reason, economic policy, how the PM decided, cabinet approval, surprise, economy and opposition coordination, choosing one. |
|---|---|
| Reference | Higashijima, M., Shimizu, N., Washida, H., & Yanai, Y. (2025). Partisan reactions to endogenous election timing: Evidence from conjoint experiments in Japan. Political Behavior. |
| DOI | 10.1007/s11109-025-10106-7 |
| Licence | CC0 1.0 |
| Source data | https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/WWKXEU |
selected, exactly one per task; question wording not in the deposit). 8 attributes, Japanese text shown; attribute order not recorded. Remaining term 0 occurs only with how-decided 'term expired' (任期満了のため) and vice versa; reason 'full term' only with remaining term 0. The authors' code also forbids term 0 with other reasons, but 2,179 such profiles occur in the data (flagged). Counts not checked against the article (not retrievable).These notes describe the source data, which the IRW reproduces as released. All notes are listed on the Data Notes page.
| Respondents | 2,577 |
|---|---|
| Rows (one per respondent, task and profile) | 41,232 |
| Tasks per respondent (most) | 8 |
| Profiles per task | 2 |
| Attributes | 8 |
| Tasks with no profile chosen | 0 |
| Topic | democracy institutions |
|---|---|
| A profile represents | scenario |
| Country | JP |
| Language shown | ja |
| Language of stored levels | ja |
| Randomization restrictions | yes (stated by the source): Remaining term 0 occurs only with how-decided 'term expired' (任期満了のため) and vice versa; reason 'full term' only with remaining term 0. The authors' code also forbids term 0 with other reasons, but 2,179 such profiles occur in the data (flagged). Level shares: remaining term 0 is 6.1% of profiles (2,508/41,232) vs about 15.8% for each other level; reason 'full term' 329 profiles vs about 5,900; how 'term expired' rare. |
| Task order | recorded in the deposit |
| Profile position | recorded in the deposit |
Because the attribute levels were not randomized independently, an estimator has to account for the restriction; a plain difference in means across levels can mislead.
Outcomes:
| choice | Which election do you think is held at a more desirable timing? Please choose the one with the more desirable election timing. Even if you are not entirely sure, please indicate which of the two you would prefer. (translated) [choice, forced] |
|---|
attr_econ_policyattr_growthattr_howattr_newspaperattr_oppositionattr_popularityattr_reasonattr_remainchoicecov_agecov_party_groupidprofiletask
The layout (one row per respondent, task and profile; choice/rating outcomes; attr_ columns holding each attribute level as displayed) is defined in the IRW conjoint standard. What the outcomes asked is under Design above.
Or load it directly in R or Python (both need a free Redivis account; the first call opens a browser to sign in):
# R
install.packages("remotes")
remotes::install_github("itemresponsewarehouse/Rpkg")
library(irw)
df <- irw_fetch("higashijima_2025_election_timing_2022", source = "conj")
# Python
pip install irw
import irw
df = irw.fetch("higashijima_2025_election_timing_2022", source="conj")
@article{Higashijima_2025, title={Partisan Reactions to Endogenous Election Timing: Evidence from Conjoint Experiments in Japan}, ISSN={1573-6687}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11109-025-10106-7}, DOI={10.1007/s11109-025-10106-7}, journal={Political Behavior}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Higashijima, Masaaki and Shimizu, Naoki and Washida, Hidekuni and Yanai, Yuki}, year={2025}, month=Nov }
| IRW version | v584 |
|---|---|
| Redivis dataset | irw_conjoint v4.2 |
| Redivis dataset DOI | 10.57761/qkye-q530 |
| Manifest pin for this IRW version | v4.2 |
| Metadata source | irw_meta v44.0 |