200,536 rated or chosen profiles from 14,324 respondents, in up to 7 tasks of 2 profiles varying on 7 attributes.

About this table

Description	14,324 respondents from YouGov and partner panels in 20 countries (2022-2024) each chose between 7 pairs of hypothetical candidates varying gender, age, political experience, children, ideology, occupation and country of origin, for national or local office.
Reference	Gothreau, C., & Laustsen, L. (2026). Women and left-wing citizens prefer women candidates: Testing consistency and psychological processes across twenty diverse countries. Public Opinion Quarterly, 90(SI), 989-1016.
DOI	10.1093/poq/nfag045
Licence	CC0 1.0
Source data	https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/UEVNRJ

Notes

Conjoint table (irw_conjoint). choice = "Which candidate would you support?", forced (no opt-out), 7 tasks. Attribute text is the deposit's English label set; respondents saw their own language, and origin is stored as the authors' Born and Raised / Immigrated. Experience 0 and 10+ years and occupations lawyer and business had double randomization weight; about 86% of profiles are born and raised. Office (national/local) randomized except in US wave 2 (blank trial_office). 45 respondents without conjoint data dropped from the article's 14,369.

These notes describe the source data, which the IRW reproduces as released. All notes are listed on the Data Notes page.

Design

Topic	candidate choice
A profile represents	person
Country	AR, BR, DK, DE, HU, IN, ID, JP, KE, LT, MY, MX, MA, NG, RO, ZA, ES, TR, UA, US
Language shown	unknown
Language of stored levels	en
Randomization restrictions	unknown
Task order	recorded in the deposit
Profile position	recorded in the deposit

Outcomes:

choice	Which candidate would you support? [choice, forced]

Columns

attr_ageattr_childrenattr_experienceattr_genderattr_ideologyattr_occupationattr_originchoicecov_agecov_asi_benevolent1cov_asi_benevolent2cov_asi_benevolent3cov_asi_benevolent4cov_asi_hostile1cov_asi_hostile2cov_asi_hostile3cov_asi_hostile4cov_attention_checkcov_countrycov_dominant_ethnicitycov_factcheck_passedcov_femininecov_gendercov_higheredcov_left_rightcov_masculinecov_survey_weightidprofiletasktrial_attr_ordertrial_officetrial_wave

The layout (one row per respondent, task and profile; choice/rating outcomes; attr_ columns holding each attribute level as displayed) is defined in the IRW conjoint standard. What the outcomes asked is under Design above.

Get the data

Download CSVno account needed Browse on Redivisexplore and query Croissant metadataHugging Face, Kaggle, OpenML

Or load it directly in R or Python (both need a free Redivis account; the first call opens a browser to sign in):

# R
install.packages("remotes")
remotes::install_github("itemresponsewarehouse/Rpkg")
library(irw)
df <- irw_fetch("gothreau_2026_women_candidates", source = "conj")

# Python
pip install irw

import irw
df = irw.fetch("gothreau_2026_women_candidates", source="conj")

How to cite

@article{Gothreau_2026, title={Women and Left-Wing Citizens Prefer Women Candidates: Testing Consistency and Psychological Processes Across Twenty Diverse Countries}, volume={90}, ISSN={1537-5331}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/poq/nfag045}, DOI={10.1093/poq/nfag045}, number={SI}, journal={Public Opinion Quarterly}, publisher={Oxford University Press (OUP)}, author={Gothreau, Claire and Laustsen, Lasse}, year={2026}, pages={989–1016} }

Respondents	14,324
Rows (one per respondent, task and profile)	200,536
Tasks per respondent (most)	7
Profiles per task	2
Attributes	7
Tasks with no profile chosen	0

IRW version	v584
Redivis dataset	irw_conjoint v4.2
Redivis dataset DOI	10.57761/qkye-q530
Manifest pin for this IRW version	v4.2
Metadata source	irw_meta v44.0

gothreau_2026_women_candidates