31,860 rated or chosen profiles from 3,186 respondents, in up to 5 tasks of 2 profiles varying on 8 attributes.

About this table

Description	3,186 adults in England and Wales compared pairs of tax plans (5 tasks) that set income-tax rates for four income bands and inheritance-tax rates for four inheritance bands. Outcomes: preferred plan on income tax and preferred plan on inheritance tax (both forced choices).
Reference	Elkjaer, M. A., Ansell, B., Bokobza, L., Cansunar, A., Haslberger, M., & Nyrup, J. (2025). Why is it so hard to counteract wealth inequality? Evidence from the United Kingdom. World Politics, 77(3), 515-561.
DOI	10.1353/wp.2025.a964464
Licence	CC0 1.0
Source data	https://doi.org/10.7910/dvn/l6hycl

Notes

Conjoint table (irw_conjoint_2). Pairs of tax plans (A/B), 5 tasks; each plan sets four income-tax and four inheritance-tax rates; choice = preferred plan on income tax, choice_inheritance = preferred plan on inheritance tax (paraphrases; both forced, no opt-out). The deposit has no questionnaire, so the joint display of the two rate sets is inferred from the row structure. Survey weight (w8) and the information-treatment arm are kept.

These notes describe the source data, which the IRW reproduces as released. All notes are listed on the Data Notes page.

Size and shape

Respondents	3,186
Rows (one per respondent, task and profile)	31,860
Tasks per respondent (most)	5
Profiles per task	2
Attributes	8
Tasks with no profile chosen	0

Design

Topic	tax welfare economy
A profile represents	policy
Country	GB
Language shown	en
Language of stored levels	en
Randomization restrictions	unknown
Task order	recorded in the deposit
Profile position	recorded in the deposit

Outcomes:

choice	Which of the two tax plans do you prefer on income tax rates (paraphrase) [choice, forced]
choice_inheritance	Which of the two tax plans do you prefer on inheritance tax rates (paraphrase) [choice, forced]

Columns

attr_income_12_5k_50kattr_income_50k_150kattr_income_gt150kattr_income_lt12_5kattr_inheritance_125k_500kattr_inheritance_500k_1mattr_inheritance_gt1mattr_inheritance_lt125kchoicechoice_inheritancecov_agecov_educationcov_gendercov_survey_weightidprofiletasktrial_info_treatment

The layout (one row per respondent, task and profile; choice/rating outcomes; attr_ columns holding each attribute level as displayed) is defined in the IRW conjoint standard. What the outcomes asked is under Design above.

Get the data

Download CSVno account needed Browse on Redivisexplore and query Croissant metadataHugging Face, Kaggle, OpenML

Or load it directly in R or Python (both need a free Redivis account; the first call opens a browser to sign in):

# R
install.packages("remotes")
remotes::install_github("itemresponsewarehouse/Rpkg")
library(irw)
df <- irw_fetch("elkjaer_2025_inheritance_tax", source = "conj")

# Python
pip install irw

import irw
df = irw.fetch("elkjaer_2025_inheritance_tax", source="conj")

How to cite

@article{Elkj_r_2025, title={Why is it so Hard to Counteract Wealth Inequality? Evidence from the United Kingdom}, volume={77}, ISSN={1086-3338}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wp.2025.a964464}, DOI={10.1353/wp.2025.a964464}, number={3}, journal={World Politics}, publisher={Project MUSE}, author={Elkjær, Mads Andreas and Ansell, Ben and Bokobza, Laure and Cansunar, Asli and Haslberger, Matthias and Nyrup, Jacob}, year={2025}, month=July, pages={515–561} }

Version and provenance

IRW version	v584
Redivis dataset	irw_conjoint_2 v1.4
Redivis dataset DOI	10.57761/hk97-wv30
Manifest pin for this IRW version	v1.4
Metadata source	irw_meta v44.0