den_kay_2025

1,968 responses from 492 respondents to 4 items.

One of 12 tables from the same source; this one measures Denialism Scale. The others are listed under Related tables.

About this table

DescriptionItem-level responses from the Denialism Scale, adminstered once in the study.
ReferenceKay, C. S., & Slovic, P. (2025). Assessing conspiracist ideation reliably, validly, and efficiently: A psychometric comparison of five Short-Form measures. Assessment. https://doi.org/10.1177/10731911251319933
DOI10.1177/10731911251319933
LicenceCC BY 4.0
Source datahttps://osf.io/uzrgk/files/osfstorage?view_only=aca403a5146240bda740e1e6d640751f

Size and shape

Responses1,968
Respondents492
Items4
Response categories7
Responses per respondent4
Responses per item492
Density1
LongitudinalFALSE

Classification

age rangeAdult (18+)
sampleInternet-based
construct typeOpinion/attitude
measurement toolSurvey/questionnaire
item formatLikert Scale/selected response
primary language(s)eng
construct nameDenialism Scale

Item text

This table has item text in the IRW: the wording administered to respondents, not just the response codes.

InstrumentDenialism Scale
Mean words per item8.250
Mean characters per item50.250
Mean characters per response17.571
Flesch-Kincaid grade level7.294

Codebook

This codebook is reconstructed by the IRW from the IRW data standard and the script that built it, kay_2025.R. It is our best reading, not the source’s own codebook, and it may contain mistakes. Where the two disagree, the source data are the authority. If you find an error, please tell us.

ColumnWhat it isSource column
IRW standard columns
idIRW standard Identifier for the focal unit being measured — typically a person, but sometimes another entity (e.g., a word in a lexical task).made in the build script
itemIRW standard Item identifier.made in the build script
respIRW standard Response value.made in the build script
Respondent covariates
cov_ageCovariate age
cov_genderCovariate gender

What item codes and covariate values stand for is in the source’s documentation, Qualtrics Survey (Time 1).pdf.

Get the data

Download CSVno account neededBrowse on Redivisexplore and queryCroissant metadataHugging Face, Kaggle, OpenML

Or load it directly in R or Python (both need a free Redivis account; the first call opens a browser to sign in):

# R
install.packages("remotes")
remotes::install_github("itemresponsewarehouse/Rpkg")
library(irw)
df <- irw_fetch("den_kay_2025")
# Python
pip install irw

import irw
df = irw.fetch("den_kay_2025")

How to cite

@article{Kay_2025, title={Assessing Conspiracist Ideation Reliably, Validly, and Efficiently: A Psychometric Comparison of Five Short-Form Measures}, ISSN={1552-3489}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10731911251319933}, DOI={10.1177/10731911251319933}, journal={Assessment}, publisher={SAGE Publications}, author={Kay, Cameron S. and Slovic, Paul}, year={2025}, month=mar }

Version and provenance

IRW versionv549
Redivis datasetitem_response_warehouse_2 v33.0
Redivis dataset DOI10.57761/6m04-m698
Manifest pin for this IRW versionv33.0
Metadata sourceirw_meta v39.0