51,142 responses from 3,653 respondents to 14 items.
| Description | Item-response data on pluralistic ignorance in the context of climate change, which also records treatment assignment |
|---|---|
| Reference | Geiger, S. J., Köhler, J. K., Delabrida, Z. N. C., Garduño-Realivazquez, K. A., Haugestad, C. a. P., Imada, H., Iyer, A., Maharja, C., Mann, D. C., Marczak, M., Melville, O., Nijssen, S. R. R., Powdthavee, N., Praptiwi, R. A., Ranade, G., Rosa, C. D., Vitale, V., Winkowska, M., Zhang, L., & White, M. P. (2025). What we think others think and do about climate change: a multicountry test of pluralistic ignorance and Public-Consensus messaging. Psychological Science. https://doi.org/10.1177/09567976251335585 |
| DOI | 10.1177/09567976251335585 |
| Licence | CC BY 4.0 |
| Source data | https://osf.io/r2byz |
| Responses | 51,142 |
|---|---|
| Respondents | 3,653 |
| Items | 14 |
| Response categories | 101 |
| Responses per respondent | 14 |
| Responses per item | 3,653 |
| Density | 1 |
| Longitudinal | FALSE |
| age range | Adult (18+) |
|---|---|
| sample | Internet-based |
| construct type | Opinion/attitude |
| measurement tool | Survey/questionnaire |
| item format | Mixed |
| primary language(s) | eng |
| construct name | Pluralistic Ignorance (Climate Change) |
This table has item text in the IRW: the wording administered to respondents, not just the response codes.
| Instrument | Own and others' climate change beliefs and climate-action outcomes (Geiger et al., 2025, Study 1 survey) |
|---|---|
| Mean words per item | 8.731 |
| Mean characters per item | 50.879 |
| Mean characters per response | 2.455 |
| Flesch-Kincaid grade level | 7.498 |
This codebook is reconstructed by the IRW from the IRW data standard and the script that built it, climatechange_geiger_2025.R. It is our best reading, not the source’s own codebook, and it may contain mistakes. Where the two disagree, the source data are the authority. If you find an error, please tell us.
| Column | What it is | Source column |
|---|---|---|
| IRW standard columns | ||
id | IRW standard Identifier for the focal unit being measured — typically a person, but sometimes another entity (e.g., a word in a lexical task). | ID |
item | IRW standard Item identifier. | made in the build script |
resp | IRW standard Response value. | made in the build script |
treat | IRW standard Treatment group assignment in experimental studies. | made in the build script |
| Respondent covariates | ||
cov_age | Covariate | age |
cov_gender | Covariate | sex |
What item codes and covariate values stand for is in the source’s codebook, Codebook.pdf.
Or load it directly in R or Python:
# R (no account needed)
install.packages("remotes")
remotes::install_github("itemresponsewarehouse/Rpkg")
library(irw)
df <- irw_fetch("climatechange_geiger_2025")
# Python (needs a free Redivis account)
pip install irw
import irw
df = irw.fetch("climatechange_geiger_2025")
@article{Geiger_2025, title={What We Think Others Think and Do About Climate Change: A Multicountry Test of Pluralistic Ignorance and Public-Consensus Messaging}, volume={36}, ISSN={1467-9280}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09567976251335585}, DOI={10.1177/09567976251335585}, number={6}, journal={Psychological Science}, publisher={SAGE Publications}, author={Geiger, Sandra J. and Köhler, Jana K. and Delabrida, Zenith N. C. and Garduño-Realivazquez, Karla A. and Haugestad, Christian A. P. and Imada, Hirotaka and Iyer, Aishwarya and Maharja, Carya and Mann, Daniel C. and Marczak, Michalina and Melville, Olivia and Nijssen, Sari R. R. and Powdthavee, Nattavudh and Praptiwi, Radisti A. and Ranade, Gargi and Rosa, Claudio D. and Vitale, Valeria and Winkowska, Małgorzata and Zhang, Lei and White, Mathew P.}, year={2025}, month=may, pages={421–442} }
| IRW version | v540 |
|---|---|
| Redivis dataset | item_response_warehouse_2 v33.0 |
| Redivis dataset DOI | 10.57761/6m04-m698 |
| Manifest pin for this IRW version | v33.0 |
| Metadata source | irw_meta v37.0 |