858 rated or chosen profiles from 858 respondents, in up to 1 tasks of 1 profile varying on 3 attributes.
| Description | Vignette experiment: 858 US Mechanical Turk workers (July 2019) each read one news story in which the US President imposes sanctions on a country in a neighbour dispute, randomizing the country pair (Spain-Portugal or Brazil-Bolivia), the dispute (tariffs or troops) and whether experts warn of costs to US business (2 x 2 x 2, between-subject); outcomes are whether the sanctions were right, whether to lift them, and 0-10 ratings of the President and concern about costs. |
|---|---|
| Reference | Caton, C., & Webb, C. (2025). A public demand theory of economic sanctions. International Interactions, 51(3), 396-424. |
| DOI | 10.1080/03050629.2025.2489368 |
| Licence | CC0 1.0 |
| Source data | https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/QDXWFS |
These notes describe the source data, which the IRW reproduces as released. All notes are listed on the Data Notes page.
| Respondents | 858 |
|---|---|
| Rows (one per respondent, task and profile) | 858 |
| Tasks per respondent (most) | 1 |
| Profiles per task | 1 |
| Attributes | 3 |
| Tasks with no profile chosen | 411 |
| Topic | foreign policy security |
|---|---|
| A profile represents | scenario |
| Country | US |
| Language shown | en |
| Language of stored levels | en |
| Randomization restrictions | unknown |
| Task order | inferred from row order |
| Profile position | inferred from row order |
Task order or profile position was rebuilt from row order; analyses of position or task order should leave it out.
Outcomes:
| choice | Do you think the decision to impose sanctions was the right one? (Yes / No) [choice, opt-out allowed] |
|---|---|
| choice_lift_sanctions | If the sanctions start imposing significant costs on the U.S. economy and <country> hasn't lifted tariffs, do you think the President should lift the sanctions? (Yes / No) [choice, opt-out allowed] |
| rating_approval | How would you rate your approval of the President's job performance? [rating, 0 (Very Poor) to 10 (Excellent)] |
| rating_competence | How would you rate the President's competence? [rating, 0 (Very Poor) to 10 (Excellent)] |
| rating_concern_cost_us | How concerned are you about the costs of the economic sanctions to the US? [rating, 0 (Not Concerned) to 10 (Very Concerned)] |
| rating_concern_cost_you | How concerned are you about the costs of the economic sanctions to you? [rating, 0 (Not Concerned) to 10 (Very Concerned)] |
| rating_handling | How would you rate the President's handling of the conflict between <A> and <B>? [rating, 0 (Very Poor) to 10 (Excellent)] |
| rating_national_interest | How important do you think the conflict between <A> and <B> is to U.S. national interests? [rating, 0 (Not Important) to 10 (Very Important)] |
attr_countriesattr_disputeattr_sanction_costchoicechoice_lift_sanctionscov_age_groupcov_duration_seccov_educationcov_gendercov_incomecov_party_idcov_racecov_regionidprofilerating_approvalrating_competencerating_concern_cost_usrating_concern_cost_yourating_handlingrating_national_interesttask
The layout (one row per respondent, task and profile; choice/rating outcomes; attr_ columns holding each attribute level as displayed) is defined in the IRW conjoint standard. What the outcomes asked is under Design above.
Or load it directly in R or Python (both need a free Redivis account; the first call opens a browser to sign in):
# R
install.packages("remotes")
remotes::install_github("itemresponsewarehouse/Rpkg")
library(irw)
df <- irw_fetch("caton_2025_sanction_vignettes", source = "conj")
# Python
pip install irw
import irw
df = irw.fetch("caton_2025_sanction_vignettes", source="conj")
@article{Caton_2025, title={A Public Demand Theory of Economic Sanctions}, volume={51}, ISSN={1547-7444}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03050629.2025.2489368}, DOI={10.1080/03050629.2025.2489368}, number={3}, journal={International Interactions}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Caton, Cora and Webb, Clayton}, year={2025}, month=Apr, pages={396–424} }
| IRW version | v584 |
|---|---|
| Redivis dataset | irw_conjoint_2 v1.4 |
| Redivis dataset DOI | 10.57761/hk97-wv30 |
| Manifest pin for this IRW version | v1.4 |
| Metadata source | irw_meta v44.0 |