46,530 rated or chosen profiles from 4,653 respondents, in up to 5 tasks of 2 profiles varying on 4 attributes.
| Description | German online-panel respondents (bilendi, March 2024) chose between and rated two proposals for spending wealth-tax revenue on climate policy, in 5 pairs varying compensation payments, public investment, subsidies for companies and subsidies for households. 4,653 respondents; choice and a 1-5 rating per proposal. |
|---|---|
| Reference | Ahrens, L., Bremer, B., & Hakelberg, L. (2026). Taxing uber-polluters: Carbon inequality and support for wealth taxation to finance the green transition. Climate Policy. |
| DOI | 10.1080/14693062.2026.2661351 |
| Licence | CC BY 4.0 |
| Source data | https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/I4FXDZ |
These notes describe the source data, which the IRW reproduces as released. All notes are listed on the Data Notes page.
| Respondents | 4,653 |
|---|---|
| Rows (one per respondent, task and profile) | 46,530 |
| Tasks per respondent (most) | 5 |
| Profiles per task | 2 |
| Attributes | 4 |
| Tasks with no profile chosen | 0 |
| Topic | climate energy environment, tax welfare economy |
|---|---|
| A profile represents | policy |
| Country | DE |
| Language shown | de |
| Language of stored levels | de |
| Randomization restrictions | yes (stated by the source): At least one of the four attributes is 'Keine zusätzlichen Ausgaben' (No additional spending) in every proposal (article p. 5; holds in all 16,700 rows of the deposited design). Fixed blocked design: 1,670 design versions of 5 tasks x 2 options (dcm_design.xlsx). |
| Task order | recorded in the deposit |
| Profile position | recorded in the deposit |
Because the attribute levels were not randomized independently, an estimator has to account for the restriction; a plain difference in means across levels can mislead.
Outcomes:
| choice | Which of the two proposals do you prefer? (paraphrase) [choice, forced] |
|---|---|
| rating | Wie sehr sind Sie für Option 1? / Wie sehr sind Sie für Option 2? [rating, 1 (Sehr stark dafür) to 5 (Sehr stark dagegen)] |
attr_compensationattr_firm_subsidiesattr_household_subsidiesattr_public_investmentchoicecov_agecov_bundeslandcov_debt_codecov_educationcov_gendercov_income_codecov_leftright_codecov_survey_weightcov_vote_2021_codecov_vote_intentioncov_wealth_codecov_wealthtax_support_codecov_weight_1cov_weight_2idprofileratingtasktrial_attribute_ordertrial_frame
The layout (one row per respondent, task and profile; choice/rating outcomes; attr_ columns holding each attribute level as displayed) is defined in the IRW conjoint standard. What the outcomes asked is under Design above.
Or load it directly in R or Python (both need a free Redivis account; the first call opens a browser to sign in):
# R
install.packages("remotes")
remotes::install_github("itemresponsewarehouse/Rpkg")
library(irw)
df <- irw_fetch("ahrens_2026_wealth_tax_spending", source = "conj")
# Python
pip install irw
import irw
df = irw.fetch("ahrens_2026_wealth_tax_spending", source="conj")
@article{Ahrens_2026, title={Taxing uber-polluters: carbon inequality and support for wealth taxation to finance the green transition}, ISSN={1752-7457}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2026.2661351}, DOI={10.1080/14693062.2026.2661351}, journal={Climate Policy}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Ahrens, Leo and Bremer, Björn and Hakelberg, Lukas}, year={2026}, month=May, pages={1–12} }
| IRW version | v584 |
|---|---|
| Redivis dataset | irw_conjoint v4.2 |
| Redivis dataset DOI | 10.57761/qkye-q530 |
| Manifest pin for this IRW version | v4.2 |
| Metadata source | irw_meta v44.0 |